JOHANNESBURG: Scientists say a new vaccine against HIV, to be tested in a trial to be launched in South Africa this week, could be “the final nail in the coffin” for the disease if it is successful.
Anthony Fauci, director of the US government’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), said on Sunday, in a statement released ahead of the trial, said the new vaccine is promising.
The study, called HVTN 702, is to begin Wednesday and aims to enroll 5,400 sexually active men and women aged between 18 and 35 at 15 sites across South Africa.
The study, called HVTN 702, is to begin Wednesday and aims to enroll 5,400 sexually active men and women aged between 18 and 35 at 15 sites across South Africa.
It will be the largest and most advanced HIV vaccine clinical trial to take place in South Africa, where more than 1,000 people a day are infected with HIV.
PARIS: People with ADHD have slightly smaller brains than those without the condition, according to a study released Thursday which insisted it is a physical disorder and not just bad behaviour.
The largest analysis to date of the brains of people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder found “structural differences” and evidence of delayed development compared with non-sufferers, researchers reported.
“The results from our study confirm that people with ADHD have differences in their brain structure and therefore suggest that ADHD is a disorder of the brain,” said the study’s lead author, Martine Hoogman of Radboud University Medical Centre in the Netherlands.
“We hope that this will help to reduce stigma that ADHD is ‘just a label’ for difficult children or caused by poor parenting,” she said in a statement.
The results of the study, which involved 1,713 people with ADHD and 1,529 people without the condition, were published in The Lancet Psychiatry.
Most often diagnosed in children, ADHD is blamed for severe and repeated bouts of inattention, hyperactivity or impulsiveness that can cause problems at school or home.
The symptoms can persist into adulthood.
The causes remain in dispute, and some specialists say ADHD is nothing but an excuse for using drugs to subdue children with difficult personalities or bad parents.
Drugs for treating ADHD, such as Ritalin, have been blamed for side effects including weight loss or gain, liver damage and suicidal thoughts.
For the latest study, Hoogman and a team analysed the MRI scans of people aged four to 63, suffering from ADHD or not.